Handover Algorithms in LTE Networks for Massive Means of Transport
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18046/syt.v16i46.3033Keywords:
Handover in LTE; massive means of transport; mobile femtocells; mobile relays.Abstract
Handover in LTE occurs when a device moves from the cell coverage serving it towards another; a process where the user established session must not be interrupted due to this cell change. Handovers in LTE are classified as hard ones, since the link with the serving cell is interrupted before establishing the new link with the target cell. This entails a larger failure risk and, consequently, a potential deterioration in the quality of service. This article presents a review of the handover algorithms in LTE, focusing on the ones oriented to massive means of transport. We show how the new algorithms offer a larger success in handovers, increasing the networkdata rate. This indicates that factors such as speed, position, and direction should be included in the algorithms to improve the handover in means of transport. We also present the algorithms focused on mobile relays such as an important study field for future research works.
References
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Lin, C.-C., Sandrasegaran, K., & Reeves, S. (2012). Handover algorithm with joint processing in LTE-advanced. In 2012 9th International Conference on Electrical Engineering/Electronics, Computer, Telecommunications and Information Technology. Phetchaburi. doi:10.1109/ECTICon.2012.6254240
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Luan, L., Wu, M., Shen, J., Ye, J., & He, X. (2012). Optimization of handover algorithms in LTE high-speed railway networks. International Journal of Digital Content Technology and its Applications, 6(5), 79-87.
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Rathod, N. (2013). Eficient handover scheme for LTE networks. Hyderabad: India: Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad.
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Wang, H.-L., Kao, S.-J., Hsiao, C.-Y., & Chang, F.-M. (2014). A moving direction prediction-assisted handover scheme in LTE networks. EURASIP Journal on Wireless Communications and Networking, I, 190. doi:10.1186/1687-1499-2014-190
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Wang, Y.-H., Huang, G.-R., & Tung, Y.-C. (2014). A handover prediction mechanism based on LTE-A UE history information. in Computer, Information and Telecommunication Systems (CITS). doi: 10.1109/CITS.2014.6878975
Watanabe, Y., Matsunaga, Y., Kobayashi, K., Sugahara, H., & Hamabe, K. (2011). Dynamic neighbor cell list management for handover optimization in LTE. In 2011 IEEE 73rd Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC Spring), Yokohama. doi: 10.1109/VETECS.2011.5956456
Yang, F., Deng, H., Jiang, F., & Deng, X. (2015). Handover optimization algorithm in LTE high-speed railway environment. Wireless Personal Communications, 84(2), 1577-1589.
Zhang, R., Wu, M., Zhang, Y., & Luan, L. (2014). Alternative reference point based handover algorithm for LTE high-speed rail. Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 12(3), 2278-2284.
Zhao, H., Huang, R., Zhang, J., & Fang, Y. (2011). Handoff for wireless networks with mobile relay stations. In 2011 IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference, (pp. 826-831). Cancun. doi:10.1109/WCNC.2011.5779239
Zheng, N., & Wigard, J. (2008). On the performance of integrator handover algorithm in LTE networks. In IEEE 68th Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC 2008-Fall), 1-5. doi:10.1109/VETECF.2008.296
Zheng, W., Wang, B., Zhang, H., Lu, Z., & Wen, X. (2009). A novel self-optimizing handover mechanism for multi-service provisioning in LTE-advanced. In Research Challenges in Computer Science, International Conference on (ICRCCS), (pp. 221-224). Shanghai. doi:10.1109/ICRCCS.2009.64
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3GPP TSGRAN. (2014a). 3GPP TR 36.836 Study on Mobile Relay. Retrieved from: http://www.3gpp.org
3GPP TSGRAN. (2014b). 3GPP TR 36.842 Scenarios and Requirements for Small Cell Enhancements for E-UTRA and E-UTRAN. Retrieved from: http://www.3gpp.org/DynaReport/36-series.htm
3GPP TSGRAN. (2013). 3GPP TR 36.839 Mobility enhancements in heterogeneous networks. Retrieved from: http://www.3gpp.org/DynaReport/36-series.htm
3GPP TSGRAN. (2015). 3GPP TS 36.331 Protocol specification. Retrieved from:http://www.3gpp.org/DynaReport/36-series.htm
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Ahmad, R., Sundararajan, E., Othman, N., & Ismail, M. (2017). Handover in LTE-advanced wireless networks: state of art and survey of decision algorithm. Telecommun Syst, 66, 533-558.
Anas, M., Calabrese, F., Mogensen, P., Rosa, C., & Pedersen, K. (2007). Performance evaluation of received signal strength based hard handover for UTRAN LTE. In IEEE 65th Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC2007-Spring), 1046-1050. IEEE.
Balan, I., Jansen, T., & Sas, B. (2011). Enhanced weighted performance based handover optimization in LTE. In 2011 Future Network & Mobile Summit. Warsaw. Retrieved from: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/abstract/document/6095252/
Chang, F.-M., Wang, H.-L., Hu, S.-Y., & Kao, S.-J. (2013). An efficient handover mechanism by adopting direction prediction and adaptive time-to-trigger in LTE Networks. In LNCS 7975): International Conference on Computational Science and Its Applications, (pp 270-280). doi:10.1007/978-3-642-39640-3_20
Chen, J.-Y., Mai, Y.-T., & Yang, C.-C. (2012). Handover enhancement in LTE-advanced relay networks. In 2012 International Symposium on Computer, Consumer and Control. Taichung. doi:10.1109/IS3C.2012.64
Chen, X., Kim, M., & Yoo, S. (2014). Efficient and prompt handover in LTE-based systems by predicting the target eNodeBs. In International Conference on Cyber-Enabled Distributed Computing and Knowledge Discovery. Shanghai. doi:10.1109/CyberC.2014.77
Chen, Y. (2015). Performance analysis of mobile relays for LTE [thesis]. Universite de Rennes: France. Retrieved from: https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01298046/document
Davaasambuu, B., & Sato, T. (2014). A cost based handoff hysteresis scheme inwireless mobile relay node. In IEEE 80th Vehicular Technology Conference. doi:10.1109/VTCFall.2014.6965808
Davaasambuu, B., Semaganga, F., & Sato, T. (2015). Adaptive handover hysteresis and call admission control for mobile relay nodes. International Journal of Computer Networks & Communications, 7, 87-98. doi:10.5121/ijcnc.2015.7606
Davaasambuu, B., Yu, K., & Sato, T. (2015). Self-optimization of handover parameters for long-term evolution with dual wireless mobile relay nodes. Future Internet, 7(2), 196-213.
Dimou, K., Min, W., Yu, Y., Kazmi, M., Larmo, A., Pettersson, J., . . . Timner, Y. (2009). Handover within 3GPP LTE: Design principles and performance. In 2009 IEEE 70th Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC 2009-Fall), 1-9. doi:10.1109/VETECF.2009.5378909
Ge, H., Wen, X., & Zheng, W. (2009). A history-based handover prediction for LTE systems. In 1st international symposium on computer network and multimedia technology. Wuhan. doi:10.1109/CNMT.2009.5374706
Haider, F., Dianati, M., & Tafazolli, R. (2011). A simulation based study of mobile femtocell assisted LTE networks. In IEEE Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing Conference. Istanbul: IEEE. doi:10.1109/IWCMC.2011.5982771
Holma, H., Toskala, A., & Reunanen, J. (2016). LTE small cell optimization, 3GPP evolution to release 13. Chichester, UK: Wiley.
Isa, I. N., Baba, M. D., & Yusof, A. L. (2015). Handover parameter optimization for self-organizing LTE networks. In 2015 IEEE Symposium on Computer Applications & Industrial Electronics (ISCAIE). Langkawi. doi:10.1109/ISCAIE.2015.7298317
Jansen, T., Balan, I., & Turk, J. (2010). Handover parameter optimization in LTE self-organizing networks. In 2010 IEEE 72nd Vehicular Technology Conference - Fall. Otawa. doi:10.1109/VETECF.2010.5594245
Jengyueng, C., Chunchuan, Y., & Yiting, M. (2015). A novel smart forwarding scheme in LTE-advanced networks. China Communications, 12(3), 120-131.
Karimi, O. B., Liu, J., & Wang, C. (2012). Seamless wireless connectivity for multimedia services in high speed trains. IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications, 30(4), 729-739.
Krendzel, A. (2013). LTE-A mobile relay handling: Architecture aspects. 19th European Wireless Conference. Guildford: European Wireless. Retrieved from: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/6582765/
Lee, C.-W., Chuang, M.-C., Chen, M. C., & Sun, Y. (2014). Seamless handover for high-speed trains using femtocell-based multiple egress network interfaces. IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications, 13(12), 6619-6628.
Lee, D.-W., Gil, G.-T., & Kim, D.-H. (2010). A cost-based adaptive handover hysteresis scheme to minimize the handover failure rate in 3GPP LTE system. In EURASIP Journal on Wireless Communications and Networking, 2010. id.750173. doi: 10.1155/2010/750173
Lee, H., Son, H., & Lee, S. (2009). Semisoft handover gain analysis over OFDM-based broadband systems. IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, 58, 1443-1453.
Lee, J. c., Cho, S.-P., & Kim, H.-j. (2005). Position based handover control method. In LNCS 3481: International Conference on Computational Science and its Applications, (pp. 781-788). Berlin Heidelberg: Springer. doi:10.1007/11424826_83
Li, X.-W., & Wang, J. (2013). The optimized method of reducing unnecessary handover in LTE system. In 2013 Third International Conference on Instrumentation, Measurement, Computer, Communication and Control. Shenyang. doi:10.1109/IMCCC.2013.272
Lin, C.-C., Sandrasegaran, K., & Reeves, S. (2012). Handover algorithm with joint processing in LTE-advanced. In 2012 9th International Conference on Electrical Engineering/Electronics, Computer, Telecommunications and Information Technology. Phetchaburi. doi:10.1109/ECTICon.2012.6254240
Lin, C.-C., Sandrasegaran, K., & Zhu, X. (2012). On the performance of capacity integrated CoMP handover algorithm in LTE-Advanced.In 2012 18th Asia-Pacific Conference on Communications (APCC). Jeju Island. doi:10.1109/APCC.2012.6388207
Link, C.-C., Sandrasegaran, K., Ramli, H., & Basukala, R. (2011). Optimized performance evaluation of lte hard handover algorithm with average RSRP constraint. International Journal of Wireless & Mobile Networks (IJWMN). doi:10.5121/ijwmn.2011.3201
Luan, L., Wu, M., Shen, J., Ye, J., & He, X. (2012). Optimization of handover algorithms in LTE high-speed railway networks. International Journal of Digital Content Technology and its Applications, 6(5), 79-87.
Muñoz, P., Barco, R., & Fortes, S. (2014). Conflict Resolution Between Load Balancing and Handover Optimization in LTE Networks. IEEE Communications Letters, 18(10), 1795-1798.
Rathod, N. (2013). Eficient handover scheme for LTE networks. Hyderabad: India: Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad.
Sinclair, N., Harle, D., Glover, I., Irvine, J., & Atkinson, R. (2013). An advanced SOM algorithm applied to handover management within LTE. IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, 62(5), 1883-1894.
Su, D., Wen, X., Zhang, H., & Zheng, W. (2010). A self-optimizing mobility management scheme based on cell id information in high velocity environment. In 2010 Second International Conference on Computer and Network Technology. Bangkok. doi:10.1109/ICCNT.2010.64
Sui, Y., Ren, Z., & Sun, W. (2013). Performance study of fixed and moving relays for vehicular users with multi-cell handover under co-channel interference. In International Conference on Connected Vehicles and Expo (ICCVE). Las Vegas. doi:10.1109/ICCVE.2013.6799847
Sui, Y., Vihriälä, Y., Papadogiannis, A., Sternad, M., Yang, W., & Svensson, T. (2013). Moving cells: A promising solution to boost performance for vehicular users. IEEE Communications Magazine, 51(6), 62-68.
Tao, M., Yuan, H., Hong, X., & Zhang, J. (2016). SmartHO: mobility pattern recognition assisted intelligent handoff in wireless overlay networks. Soft Computing, 20(10), 4121-4130.
Tu, H.-M., Lin, J.-S., & Chang, T.-S. (2012). Prediction-based handover schemes for relay-enhanced LTE-A systems. In 2012 IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference (WCNC), Shanghai. doi:10.1109/WCNC.2012.6214293
Ulvan, A., Bestak, R., & Ulvan, M. (2010). Handover scenario and procedure in LTE-based femtocell networks. In The Fourth International Conference on Mobile Ubiquitous Computing, Systems, Services and Technologies, Florence. doi:10.1109/WMNC.2010.5678766
Wang, H.-L., Kao, S.-J., Hsiao, C.-Y., & Chang, F.-M. (2014). A moving direction prediction-assisted handover scheme in LTE networks. EURASIP Journal on Wireless Communications and Networking, I, 190. doi:10.1186/1687-1499-2014-190
Wang, Q., Ren, G., & Tu, J. (2011). A soft handover algorithm for TD-LTE system in high-speed railway scenario. In 2011 IEEE International Conference on Signal Processing, Communications and Computing (ICSPCC), 1-4. doi: 10.1109/ICSPCC.2011.6061727
Wang, Y.-H., Huang, G.-R., & Tung, Y.-C. (2014). A handover prediction mechanism based on LTE-A UE history information. in Computer, Information and Telecommunication Systems (CITS). doi: 10.1109/CITS.2014.6878975
Watanabe, Y., Matsunaga, Y., Kobayashi, K., Sugahara, H., & Hamabe, K. (2011). Dynamic neighbor cell list management for handover optimization in LTE. In 2011 IEEE 73rd Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC Spring), Yokohama. doi: 10.1109/VETECS.2011.5956456
Yang, F., Deng, H., Jiang, F., & Deng, X. (2015). Handover optimization algorithm in LTE high-speed railway environment. Wireless Personal Communications, 84(2), 1577-1589.
Zhang, R., Wu, M., Zhang, Y., & Luan, L. (2014). Alternative reference point based handover algorithm for LTE high-speed rail. Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 12(3), 2278-2284.
Zhao, H., Huang, R., Zhang, J., & Fang, Y. (2011). Handoff for wireless networks with mobile relay stations. In 2011 IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference, (pp. 826-831). Cancun. doi:10.1109/WCNC.2011.5779239
Zheng, N., & Wigard, J. (2008). On the performance of integrator handover algorithm in LTE networks. In IEEE 68th Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC 2008-Fall), 1-5. doi:10.1109/VETECF.2008.296
Zheng, W., Wang, B., Zhang, H., Lu, Z., & Wen, X. (2009). A novel self-optimizing handover mechanism for multi-service provisioning in LTE-advanced. In Research Challenges in Computer Science, International Conference on (ICRCCS), (pp. 221-224). Shanghai. doi:10.1109/ICRCCS.2009.64
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